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Jökulsárlón (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈjœːkʏlsˌaurˌlouːn] ⓘ; literally "glacial river lagoon") is a large glacial lake in southern part of Vatnajökull National Park, Iceland.
With temperatures rising between 1920 and 1965, changes started occurring in the Breiðamerkurjökull glacier tongue. In 1933 or 1934 a proglacial lake or lagoon formed in the depression left where the retreating glacier had been. Since then, the lake, which is named Jökulsárlón, has grown larger as the glacier continues its retreat.
Jökulsárlón, located on the edge of Vatnajökull National Park. Vatnajökull National Park was established on 7 June 2008. When established, the park covered an area of 12,000 km 2, but with later additions of Lakagígar, Langisjór, Krepputunga [ˈkʰrɛhpʏˌtʰuŋka] and Jökulsárlón (including its surrounding areas) it now covers 14,967 km 2 or approximately 14% of Iceland, making it ...
From a supraglacial lake formed by accumulation of melt water in a depression on the surface of the glacier. Such jökulhlaups tend to be small in Iceland; From a subglacial lake. Tend to be formed by geothermal activity as found in the eastern and western Skaftá ice cauldrons and Grímsvötn.
It was still 1,500 m long in 1989, but its length was 1,000 m around the year 1900, when it discharged directly from the Breiðamerkurjökull glacier; the lake did not start to form until 1935–40. The lake grew very fast from 1950 onwards, and changed the course of the river. [ 1 ]
The glaciers that formed the sandur are a part of Vatnajökull, and therefore a part of Vatnajökull National Park. In 2017, the borders of the park were changed to include also the plain itself and the Jökulsárlón lake. [2] Breiðamerkursandur is an important breeding ground for birds, for example Arctic tern and great skua. [3]
This eruption formed the 18 km 2 (6.9 sq mi) Búðahraun lava field from the crater Búðaklettur, south-west of Búðir. [16] This is part of the Snæfellsjökull volcanic system which in turn is part of the Snæfellsnes volcanic belt (Snæfellsnes volcanic zone). [1]
Öræfajökull is located at the southern extremity of the Vatnajökull glacier and overlooking the Ring Road between Höfn and Vík.It is the largest active volcano in the country, and on the summit crater's north-western rim is Hvannadalshnúkur, the highest peak in Iceland at 2,110 metres (6,920 ft).