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Executable files typically also include a runtime system, which implements runtime language features (such as task scheduling, exception handling, calling static constructors and destructors, etc.) and interactions with the operating system, notably passing arguments, environment, and returning an exit status, together with other startup and ...
Changes the permissions of a file or directory cp: Copies a file or directory dd: Copies and converts a file df: Shows disk free space on file systems dir: Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.) dircolors: Set up color for ls: install: Copies files and set attributes ln: Creates a link to a ...
This is a comparison of binary executable file formats which, once loaded by a suitable executable loader, can be directly executed by the CPU rather than being interpreted by software. In addition to the binary application code, the executables may contain headers and tables with relocation and fixup information as well as various kinds of ...
Compare two files; see also diff Version 1 AT&T UNIX comm: Text processing Mandatory Select or reject lines common to two files Version 4 AT&T UNIX command: Shell programming Mandatory Execute a simple command compress: Filesystem Optional (XSI) Compress data 4.3BSD cp: Filesystem Mandatory Copy files PDP-7 UNIX crontab: Misc Mandatory
In Linux, the file specified by interpreter can be executed if it has the execute rights and is one of the following: a native executable, such as an ELF binary any kind of file for which an interpreter was registered via the binfmt_misc mechanism (such as for executing Microsoft .exe binaries using wine )
Examples of command-line interpreters include Nushell, DEC's DIGITAL Command Language (DCL) in OpenVMS and RSX-11, the various Unix shells (sh, ksh, csh, tcsh, zsh, Bash, etc.), CP/M's CCP, DOS' COMMAND.COM, as well as the OS/2 and the Windows CMD.EXE programs, the latter groups being based heavily on DEC's RSX-11 and RSTS CLIs.
A symbolic link is a reference to another file. This special file is stored as a textual representation of the referenced file's path (which means the destination may be a relative path, or may not exist at all). A symbolic link is marked with an l (lower case L) as the first letter of the mode string, e.g. in this abbreviated ls -l output: [5]
The base of each is exec (execute), followed by one or more letters: e – An array of pointers to environment variables is explicitly passed to the new process image. l – Command-line arguments are passed individually (a list) to the function. p – Uses the PATH environment variable to find the file named in the file argument to be executed.