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Pronation is a natural movement of the foot that occurs during foot landing while running or walking. Composed of three cardinal plane components: subtalar eversion , ankle dorsiflexion , and forefoot abduction , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] these three distinct motions of the foot occur simultaneously during the pronation phase. [ 3 ]
For the foot, pronation will cause the sole of the foot to face more laterally than when standing in the anatomical position. Pronation of the foot is a compound movement that combines abduction, eversion, and dorsiflexion. Regarding posture, a pronated foot is one in which the heel bone angles inward and the arch tends to collapse.
The arch is further supported by the plantar aponeurosis, by the small muscles in the sole of the foot (short muscles of the big toe), by the tendons of the tibialis anterior and posterior and fibularis longus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus and by the ligaments of all the articulations involved. [1]
The leg muscles acting on the foot are called the extrinsic foot muscles whilst the foot muscles located in the foot are called intrinsic. [28] Dorsiflexion (extension) and plantar flexion occur around the transverse axis running through the ankle joint from the tip of the medial malleolus to the tip of the lateral malleolus.
Pronation at the forearm is a rotational movement where the hand and upper arm are turned so the thumbs point towards the body. When the forearm and hand are supinated, the thumbs point away from the body. Pronation of the foot is turning of the sole outwards, so that weight is borne on the medial part of the foot. [33]
Pronation is the way your foot lands and distributes the impact inward or outward when you’re walking. Having high arches, incorrect pronation, and wearing shoes that aren’t supportive enough ...
The anterior compartment of the leg is a fascial compartment of the lower leg.It contains muscles that produce dorsiflexion and participate in inversion and eversion of the foot, as well as vascular and nervous elements, including the anterior tibial artery and veins and the deep fibular nerve.
Try these 11 exercises to strengthen your ankles, boost your proprioception, and prevent injuries and keep the lower body healthy and functional.