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The history of banks; to which is added a demonstration of the advantages and necessity of free competition in the business of banking, 1837; Banks, banking, and paper currencies; In three parts. I. History of banking and paper money. II. Argument for open competition in banking. III. Apology for One-Dollar notes. 1840; Theory of morals an ...
Klebaner, Benjamin J. American Commercial Banking: A History (Twayne, 1990). online; Mason, David L. From Buildings and Loans to Bail-Outs: A History of the American Savings and Loan Industry, 1831–1995 (Cambridge University Press, 2004). Meltzer, Allan H. A History of the Federal Reserve (2 vol. U of Chicago Press, 2010). Murphy, Sharon Ann.
Bank of Kentucky, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 257 (1837), was a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States involving the intersection of states' rights and monetary policy. In an opinion by Justice John McLean , the Court held that a bank under the de facto control of the state of Kentucky could issue banknotes without violating a provision of ...
The curse of paper-money and banking; or A short history of banking in the United States of America, with an account of its ruinous effects. (1833) An inquiry into the expediency of dispensing with bank agency and bank paper in fiscal concerns of the United States. (1837) The Journal of banking, from July 1841 to July 1842 (1841-1842)
By 1797 there were 24 chartered banks in the U.S.; with the beginning of the free banking era (1837) there were 712. Privately issued note, 1863. During the free banking era, the banks were short-lived compared to today's commercial banks, with an average lifespan of five years.
The ailing economy of early 1837 led investors to panic, and a bank run ensued, giving the crisis its name. The bank run came to a head on May 10, 1837, when banks in New York City ran out of gold and silver. They immediately suspended specie payments, and would no longer redeem commercial paper in specie at full face value. [3]
A national bank is a bank that is nationally or federally chartered and is allowed to operate throughout the country in any state. An advantage of holding a National Bank Act charter is that a national bank is not subject to state usury laws intended to prevent predatory lending. [16] (However, see also Cuomo v.
Although the period from 1837 to 1864 in the US is often referred to as the Free Banking Era, the term is a misnomer in terms of the definition of "free banking" above. Free Banking in the United States before the Civil War refers to various state banking systems based on what were called "free banking" laws at the time. These laws made it ...