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Importance sampling is a variance reduction technique that can be used in the Monte Carlo method.The idea behind importance sampling is that certain values of the input random variables in a simulation have more impact on the parameter being estimated than others.
In mathematics, more specifically in the theory of Monte Carlo methods, variance reduction is a procedure used to increase the precision of the estimates obtained for a given simulation or computational effort. [1] Every output random variable from the simulation is associated with a variance which limits the precision of the simulation results.
The sequential importance resampling technique provides another interpretation of the filtering transitions coupling importance sampling with the bootstrap resampling step. Last, but not least, particle filters can be seen as an acceptance-rejection methodology equipped with a recycling mechanism.
Exponential Tilting is used in Monte Carlo Estimation for rare-event simulation, and rejection and importance sampling in particular. In mathematical finance [ 1 ] Exponential Tilting is also known as Esscher tilting (or the Esscher transform ), and often combined with indirect Edgeworth approximation and is used in such contexts as insurance ...
A variety of data re-sampling techniques are implemented in the imbalanced-learn package [1] compatible with the scikit-learn Python library. The re-sampling techniques are implemented in four different categories: undersampling the majority class, oversampling the minority class, combining over and under sampling, and ensembling sampling.
The nested sampling algorithm is a computational approach to the Bayesian statistics problems of comparing models and generating samples from posterior distributions. It was developed in 2004 by physicist John Skilling.
I don't see why importance sampling is a variance reduction technique in MC estimation. It a technique for estimating E[X|A] when all you have is E[X|B]. If I remember correctly, it is the 'weighted importance sampling' techniques that have reduced variance compared to the standard 'importance sampling' technique, at the expense of becoming biased.
Randomization is a statistical process in which a random mechanism is employed to select a sample from a population or assign subjects to different groups. [1] [2] [3] The process is crucial in ensuring the random allocation of experimental units or treatment protocols, thereby minimizing selection bias and enhancing the statistical validity. [4]