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MATLAB; Pascal although Object Pascal / Delphi do have a function IfThen to do the same (with caveats) Rust The if..else construct is an expression and can be used to get the same functionality. [27] Scala; XProfan PowerShell (in old versions) an elegant workaround is to use (<value for true>,<value for false>)[!(<condition>)] [28]
Visual Basic and COM objects vbUnitFree: LGPL [19] Visual Basic and COM objects VbaUnit: BSD [20] Visual Basic for Applications: ExcelVbaUnit: LGPL [21] Similar to VbaUnit, but specifically for testing Excel VBA (written as an Excel add-in) TinyUnit [22] Visual Basic 6, VB .NET, and PHP5 SimplyVBUnit: Yes: MIT [23]
Stack Overflow is written in C# using the ASP.NET MVC (Model–View–Controller) framework, and Microsoft SQL Server for the database [38] and the Dapper object-relational mapper used for data access. [39]
a There is no special construct, since the while function can be used for this. a There is no special construct, but users can define general loop functions. a The C++11 standard introduced the range-based for. In the STL, there is a std::for_each template function which can iterate on STL containers and call a unary function for each element. [22]
Reducing the range of any index to a single value effectively eliminates that index. This feature can be used, for example, to extract one-dimensional slices (vectors: in 3D, rows, columns, and tubes [1]) or two-dimensional slices (rectangular matrices) from a three-dimensional array. However, since the range can be specified at run-time, type ...
find the value (if any) that is bound to a given key. The argument to this operation is the key, and the value is returned from the operation. If no value is found, some lookup functions raise an exception, while others return a default value (such as zero, null, or a specific value passed to the constructor).
The loop body is executed "for" the given values of the loop variable. This is more explicit in ALGOL versions of the for statement where a list of possible values and increments can be specified. In Fortran and PL/I, the keyword DO is used for the same thing and it is named a do-loop; this is different from a do while loop.
The language guarantees that any two true values will compare equal (which was impossible to achieve before the introduction of the type). Boolean values still behave as integers, can be stored in integer variables, and used anywhere integers would be valid, including in indexing, arithmetic, parsing, and formatting.