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Aboriginal Australian kinship comprises the systems of Aboriginal customary law governing social interaction relating to kinship in traditional Aboriginal cultures. It is an integral part of the culture of every Aboriginal group across Australia, and particularly important with regard to marriages between Aboriginal people .
Moieties may be determined by either patrilineal or matrilineal kinship and descent (determined by the moiety of the father or the mother). Alternate generation levels classify a person in the same generation level with grandparents and grandchildren.
A. P. Elkin described the Kariera structure as one of five kinship types in north Western Australia, [14] and a type also found among the Wailpi people of the Flinders Ranges in South Australia. [15] The re-analysis of this Kariera theory played a significant role in Claude Lévi-Strauss's The Elementary Structures of Kinship (1949). [16] [17]
Within some Aboriginal Australian communities, the words "law" and "lore" are words used to differentiate between the Indigenous and post-colonial legal systems. The word "law" is taken to refer to the legal system introduced during the European colonisation of Australia, whereas the word "lore" is used to refer to the Indigenous customary system.
In 1981, journalist Jack Waterford wrote of Aboriginal law as a system of "religious obligations, duties of kinship and relationship, caring for country and the acquisition and passing on of the community's store of knowledge". [27]
Both these avoidance relationships have their grounding in the Australian Aboriginal kinship system, and so are ways of avoiding incest in small bands of closely related people. There are many other avoidance relationships, including same-sex relationships, but these are the main two.
[2] [3] In the book Morgan argues that all human societies share a basic set of principles for social organization along kinship lines, based on the principles of consanguinity (kinship by blood) and affinity (kinship by marriage). At the same time, he presented a sophisticated schema of social evolution based upon the relationship terms, the ...
In the Cree language, nêhiyaw wiyasowêwina literally translates to "Cree laws", with wiyasowêwina meaning the act of weaving. [1] However, law is almost invariably referred to as wahkohtowin, which means "kinship", [2] in reference to an individual's relationship with, and responsibilities within, the systems of which the individual is a part.