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  2. File inclusion vulnerability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_inclusion_vulnerability

    A file inclusion vulnerability is a type of web vulnerability that is most commonly found to affect web applications that rely on a scripting run time.This issue is caused when an application builds a path to executable code using an attacker-controlled variable in a way that allows the attacker to control which file is executed at run time.

  3. Directory traversal attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_traversal_attack

    A directory traversal (or path traversal) attack exploits insufficient security validation or sanitization of user-supplied file names, such that characters representing "traverse to parent directory" are passed through to the operating system's file system API. An affected application can be exploited to gain unauthorized access to the file system

  4. Fully qualified name - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fully_qualified_name

    In DOS, the name is still relative to the root directory of the current disk, so to get a fully qualified file name, the file name must be prefixed with the drive letter and a colon, as in "C:\Users\Name\sample", where "C:" specifies the "C" drive. Also on the above systems, some programs such as the command-line shell will search a path for a ...

  5. Code injection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_injection

    If the above is stored in the executable file ./check, the shell command ./check " 1 ) evil" will attempt to execute the injected shell command evil instead of comparing the argument with the constant one. Here, the code under attack is the code that is trying to check the parameter, the very code that might have been trying to validate the ...

  6. Run-time type information - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run-time_type_information

    It tests the belonging of an object to a given class, including classes of individual ancestors present in the inheritance hierarchy tree (e.g. Button1 is a TButton class that has ancestors: TWinControl → TControl → TComponent → TPersistent → TObject, where the latter is the ancestor of all classes).

  7. C preprocessor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_preprocessor

    The C preprocessor (CPP) is a text file processor that is used with C, C++ and other programming tools. The preprocessor provides for file inclusion (often header files), macro expansion, conditional compilation, and line control. Although named in association with C and used with C, the preprocessor capabilities are not inherently tied to the ...

  8. Classpath - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classpath

    on Windows, the directory structure has a Windows syntax, and each file path must be separated by a semicolon (";"). This does not apply when the Classpath is defined in manifest files, where each file path must be separated by a space (" "), regardless of the operating system.

  9. Environment variable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_variable

    An environment variable is a user-definable value that can affect the way running processes will behave on a computer. Environment variables are part of the environment in which a process runs.