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Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale ; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).
The ostium primum atrial septal defect is a defect in the atrial septum at the level of the tricuspid and mitral valves. This is sometimes known as an endocardial cushion defect because it often involves the endocardial cushion, which is the portion of the heart where the atrial septum meets the ventricular septum and the mitral valve meets the tricuspid valve.
Pulmonary valve defects resulting in tricuspid regurgitation, a common effect of pulmonary stenosis, can cause this increase in muscle mass. [5] Atrial septal defect An atrial septal defect is a hole in the septum that divides the right and left atria (the upper two chambers) of the heart. In the heart of a developing fetus, there are several ...
Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is an uncommon congenital heart condition characterized by faulty development of the heart's septa and valves. [88] [12] Congestive heart failure is common in infants with the entire version of the condition. [88] [12] Fluid builds up in other parts of the body, particularly the lungs.
A congenital heart defect (CHD), also known as a congenital heart anomaly, congenital cardiovascular malformation, and congenital heart disease, is a defect in the structure of the heart or great vessels that is present at birth. [7] A congenital heart defect is classed as a cardiovascular disease. [10]
Heart septal defect refers to a congenital heart defect [1] of one of the septa of the heart. Atrial septal defect; Atrioventricular septal defect; Ventricular septal defect; Although aortopulmonary septal defects are defects of the aorticopulmonary septum, which is not technically part of the heart, they are sometimes grouped with the heart ...
Tricuspid atresia is caused by complete absence of the tricuspid valve. [2] The underlying cause of this absence remains unknown. [3] This prevents direct blood flow between the right atrium and the right ventricle. [2] This usually causes the foramen ovale to remain open after birth, leading to atrial septal defect. [4]
An Atrial septal defect is a relatively common heart malformation that occurs when the interatrial septum fails to develop properly. Persistence of the ostium secundum is the most common atrial septal defect. [3] Additionally, in a subset of the population, the foramen ovale is not overtly patent but the two septa have not fused.
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