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Chris Argyris (July 16, 1923 – November 16, 2013 [1]) was an American business theorist and professor at Yale School of Management and Harvard Business School.Argyris, like Richard Beckhard, Edgar Schein and Warren Bennis, [citation needed] is known as a co-founder of organization development, and known for seminal work on learning organizations.
Double-loop learning is used when it is necessary to change the mental model on which a decision depends. Unlike single loops, this model includes a shift in understanding, from simple and static to broader and more dynamic, such as taking into account the changes in the surroundings and the need for expression changes in mental models. [3]
The organizational deutero-learning concept identified by Argyris and Schon [7] [8] defines when organizations learn how to carry out single-loop and double-loop learning. It has also been described as learning how to learn [ 9 ] through a process of collaborative inquiry and reflection (evaluative inquiry).
Action research is a philosophy and methodology of research generally applied in the social sciences. It seeks transformative change through the simultaneous process of taking action and doing research, which are linked together by critical reflection.
In Intervention Theory and Method Chris Argyris argues that in organization development, effective intervention depends on appropriate and useful knowledge that offers a range of clearly defined choices and that the target should be for as many people as possible to be committed to the option chosen and to feel responsibility for it. Overall ...
Neville Hatton and David Smith, in a brief literature review, concluded that teacher education programs do use a wide range of strategies with the aim of encouraging students teachers to reflect (e.g. action research, case studies, video-recording or supervised practicum experiences), but that "there is little research evidence to show that ...
Wendell L French and Cecil Bell defined organization development (OD) at one point as "organization improvement through action research". [21] If one idea can be said to summarize OD's underlying philosophy, it would be action research as it was conceptualized by Kurt Lewin and later elaborated and expanded on by other behavioral scientists ...
The action learning approach was originated by Reg Revans. [6] [7] Formative influences for Revan included his time working as a physicist at the University of Cambridge, wherein he noted the importance of each scientist describing their own ignorance, sharing experiences, and communally reflecting in order to learn. [8]