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The Czech–Slovak languages (or Czecho-Slovak) are a subgroup within the West Slavic languages comprising the Czech and Slovak languages.. Most varieties of Czech and Slovak are mutually intelligible, forming a dialect continuum (spanning the intermediate Moravian dialects) rather than being two clearly distinct languages; standardised forms of these two languages are, however, easily ...
The Czechoslovak language (Czech: jazyk československý or českoslovenština, Slovak: Československý jazyk) was a political sociolinguistic concept used in Czechoslovakia in 1920–1938 [1] for the definition of the state language of the country which proclaimed its independence as the republic of two nations, i.e. ethnic groups, Czechs and Slovaks.
Regardless of its official status, Czech is used commonly both in Slovak mass media and in daily communication by Czech natives as an equal language. Czech and Slovak have a long history of interaction and mutual influence well before the creation of Czechoslovakia in 1918, a state which existed until 1993.
They include Polish, Czech, Slovak, Kashubian, Silesian, Upper Sorbian and Lower Sorbian. [1] The languages have traditionally been spoken across a mostly continuous region encompassing the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, [1] the westernmost regions of Ukraine and Belarus, and a bit of eastern Lithuania.
The similarities between Czech and Slovak led to the languages being considered a single language by a group of 19th-century scholars who called themselves "Czechoslavs" (Čechoslované), believing that the peoples were connected in a way which excluded German Bohemians and (to a lesser extent) Hungarians and other Slavs. [132]
Contrary to Czech, a vowel mutation from à to e did not occur in Slovak, [13] i.e. ulica vs. Czech ulice (a street). The differences between Slovak and Czech like ťažko/těžko, cudzí/cizí became stable later. [14] Slovak developed only single r in contrast with Czech pairs r/ř and Polish r/rz. [15]
The mentions in Czech sources are older (1375 and 1385). [14] The change is not related to the ethnogenesis of Slovaks, but exclusively to linguistic changes in the West Slavic languages. The word Slovak was used also later as a common name for all Slavs in Czech, Polish, and also Slovak together with other forms. [14]
The Czech–Slovak languages, a West Slavic dialect continuum The Czechoslovak language, a theoretical standardized form defined as the state language of Czechoslovakia in its Constitution of 1920; Comparison of Czech and Slovak