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While the most common cause of pulmonary valve stenosis is congenital heart disease, it may also be due to a malignant carcinoid tumor. Both stenosis of the pulmonary artery and pulmonary valve stenosis are forms of pulmonic stenosis (nonvalvular and valvular, respectively) [6] but
Pulmonic stenosis is usually due to isolated valvular obstruction (pulmonary valve stenosis), but it may be due to subvalvular or supravalvular obstruction, such as infundibular stenosis. It may occur in association with other congenital heart defects as part of more complicated syndromes (for example, tetralogy of Fallot). [citation needed]
More than 50% of patients with aortic valve stenosis have a congenital heart abnormality called a bicuspid aortic valve. The aortic valve is normally three leaflets but when it is bicuspid it is made of two. [6] This increases the risk for aortic stenosis due to increased stress on the leaflets, calcium deposition, turbulent blood flow, and ...
Shone's syndrome is a rare congenital heart defect described by Shone in 1963. In the complete form, four left-sided defects are present: [1] Supravalvular mitral membrane (SVMM) Parachute mitral valve; Subaortic stenosis (membranous or muscular) Coarctation of the aorta
Pulmonary artery stenosis (PAS) is a narrowing of the pulmonary artery.The pulmonary artery is a blood vessel moving blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs. . This narrowing can be due to many causes, including infection during pregnancy, a congenital heart defect, a problem with blood clotting in childhood or early adulthood, or a genetic ch
The Trilogy of Fallot also called Fallot's trilogy is a rare congenital heart disease consisting of the following defects: pulmonary valve stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy and atrial septal defect. [1] It occurs in 1.2% of all congenital heart defects. [2]
Transposition of the great vessels (TGV) is a group of congenital heart defects involving an abnormal spatial arrangement of any of the great vessels: superior and/or inferior venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta. Congenital heart diseases involving only the primary arteries (pulmonary artery and aorta) belong to a sub ...
It can occur at the pulmonary valve (valvular stenosis) or just below the pulmonary valve (infundibular stenosis). [4] Infundibular pulmonic stenosis is mostly caused by the overgrowth of the heart muscle wall (hypertrophy of the septoparietal trabeculae), [41] however, the events leading to the formation of the overriding aorta are also ...