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  2. Acetyl group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetyl_group

    In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group. An acetyl group contains a methyl group ( −CH 3 ) that is single-bonded to a carbonyl ( C=O ), making it an acyl group . The carbonyl center of an acyl radical has one non-bonded electron with which it forms a chemical bond to the remainder (denoted with the letter R ) of the ...

  3. Acetal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetal

    In organic chemistry, an acetal is a functional group with the connectivity R 2 C(OR') 2. Here, the R groups can be organic fragments (a carbon atom, with arbitrary other atoms attached to that) or hydrogen , while the R' groups must be organic fragments not hydrogen.

  4. Protecting group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protecting_group

    An important example of industrial applications of protecting group theory is the synthesis of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) à la Reichstein. The Reichstein synthesis (of ascorbic acid) In order to prevent oxidation of the secondary alcohols with potassium permanganate , they are protected via acetalation with acetone and then deprotected after ...

  5. Acetyl-CoA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetyl-CoA

    Acetyl-CoA then enters the citric acid cycle, where the acetyl group is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, and the energy released is captured in the form of 11 ATP and one GTP per acetyl group. Konrad Bloch and Feodor Lynen were awarded the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries linking acetyl-CoA and fatty acid ...

  6. Acetylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylation

    Salicylic acid is acetylated to form aspirin. In chemistry, acetylation is an organic esterification reaction with acetic acid.It introduces an acetyl group into a chemical compound.

  7. Carbohydrate acetalisation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate_acetalisation

    The latter reagent in itself is an acetal and therefore the reaction is actually a cross-acetalisation. Kinetic reaction control results from 2-methoxypropene as the reagent. D-ribose in itself is a hemiacetal and in equilibrium with the pyranose 3. In aqueous solution ribose is 75% pyranose and 25% furanose and a different acetal 4 is formed.

  8. N-acetyltransferase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Acetyltransferase

    N-acetyltransferase (NAT) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA to arylamines, arylhydroxylamines and arylhydrazines. [1] [2] [3] They have wide specificity for aromatic amines, particularly serotonin, and can also catalyze acetyl transfer between arylamines without CoA.

  9. Functional group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_group

    Functional group interconversion can be used in retrosynthetic analysis to plan organic synthesis. A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule with distinctive chemical properties, regardless of the other atoms in the molecule. The atoms in a functional group are linked to each other and to the rest of the molecule by covalent bonds.