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  2. Solvothermal synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvothermal_synthesis

    Schematic diagram of solvothermal synthesis setup: (1) stainless steel autoclave (2) precursor solution (3) Teflon liner (4) stainless steel lid (5) spring. Solvothermal synthesis is a method of producing chemical compounds, in which a solvent containing reagents is put under high pressure and temperature in an autoclave.

  3. Autoclave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoclave

    An autoclave is a machine used to carry out industrial and scientific processes requiring elevated temperature and pressure in relation to ambient pressure and/or temperature. Autoclaves are used before surgical procedures to perform sterilization and in the chemical industry to cure coatings and vulcanize rubber and for hydrothermal synthesis ...

  4. Hydrothermal synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_synthesis

    The autoclave is heated in order to create a temperature gradient. The nutrient dissolves in the hotter zone and the saturated aqueous solution in the lower part is transported to the upper part by convective motion of the solution. The cooler and denser solution in the upper part of the autoclave descends while the counterflow of solution ascends.

  5. Schematic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schematic

    A schematic, or schematic diagram, is a designed representation of the elements of a system using abstract, graphic symbols rather than realistic pictures. A schematic usually omits all details that are not relevant to the key information the schematic is intended to convey, and may include oversimplified elements in order to make this essential meaning easier to grasp, as well as additional ...

  6. Exploded-view drawing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploded-view_drawing

    An exploded-view drawing is a diagram, picture, schematic or technical drawing of an object, that shows the relationship or order of assembly of various parts. [1]It shows the components of an object slightly separated by distance, or suspended in surrounding space in the case of a three-dimensional exploded diagram.

  7. Piping and instrumentation diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_and_instrumentation...

    Piping and instrumentation diagram of pump with storage tank. Symbols according to EN ISO 10628 and EN 62424. A more complex example of a P&ID. A piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) is defined as follows: A diagram which shows the interconnection of process equipment and the instrumentation used to control the process.

  8. Sterilization (microbiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)

    This method is a faster process than dry heat sterilization. Steam sterilization is performed using an autoclave, sometimes called a converter or steam sterilizer. The object or liquid is placed in the autoclave chamber, which is then sealed and heated using pressurized steam to a temperature set point for a defined period of time.

  9. Scientific modelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_modelling

    Scientific modelling is an activity that produces models representing empirical objects, phenomena, and physical processes, to make a particular part or feature of the world easier to understand, define, quantify, visualize, or simulate.