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The following is a list of common reactions that occur in the environment in order from oxidizing to reducing (organisms performing the reaction in parentheses): [1] Aerobic respiration (aerobes: aerobic organisms) Denitrification (denitrifiers: denitrifying bacteria) Manganese reduction (Manganese reducers)
Free radical reactions are redox reactions that occur as part of homeostasis and killing microorganisms. In these reactions, an electron detaches from a molecule and then re-attaches almost instantly. Free radicals are part of redox molecules and can become harmful to the human body if they do not reattach to the redox molecule or an antioxidant.
In plants, the production of ROS occurs during events of abiotic stress that lead to a reduction or interruption of metabolic activity. For example, the increase in temperature, drought are factors that limit the availability of CO 2 due to stomatal closure, increasing the production of ROS, such as O 2 ·- and 1 O 2 in chloroplasts.
Bioenergetics is a field in biochemistry and cell biology that concerns energy flow through living systems. [1] This is an active area of biological research that includes the study of the transformation of energy in living organisms and the study of thousands of different cellular processes such as cellular respiration and the many other metabolic and enzymatic processes that lead to ...
Cytochromes are redox-active proteins containing a heme, with a central iron (Fe) atom at its core, as a cofactor. They are involved in the electron transport chain and redox catalysis. They are classified according to the type of heme and its mode of binding.
The word oxygen in the literature typically refers to molecular oxygen (O 2) since it is the common product or reactant of many biogeochemical redox reactions within the cycle. [37] Processes within the oxygen cycle are considered to be biological or geological and are evaluated as either a source (O 2 production) or sink (O 2 consumption). [36 ...
The oxygen cycle demonstrates how free oxygen is made available in each of these regions, as well as how it is used. The oxygen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle of oxygen atoms between different oxidation states in ions, oxides, and molecules through redox reactions within and between the spheres/reservoirs of the planet Earth. [1]
Redox reactions (see list of oxidants and reductants) Reduction; Reductive elimination; Reppe synthesis; Riley oxidation; Salt metathesis; Sarett oxidation; Sharpless epoxidation; Shell higher olefin process; Silylation; Simmons–Smith reaction; Sonogashira coupling; Staudinger reaction; Stille reaction; Sulfidation; Suzuki reaction ...