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The BTX aromatics are very important petrochemical materials. Global consumption of benzene, estimated at more than 40,000,000 tons in 2010, showed an unprecedented growth of more than 3,000,000 tons from the level seen in 2009.
Xylenes are produced mainly as part of the BTX aromatics (benzene, toluene, and xylenes) extracted from the product of catalytic reforming known as reformate. Several million tons are produced annually. [3] In 2011, a global consortium began construction of one of the world's largest xylene plants in Singapore. [5]
The process, which is catalyzed by platinum supported by aluminium oxide, is exemplified in the conversion methylcyclohexane (a naphthene) into toluene (an aromatic). [2] Dehydrocyclization converts paraffins (acyclic hydrocarbons) into aromatics. [3] A related aromatization process includes dehydroisomerization of methylcyclopentane to benzene:
Transalkylation reactions of six to ten carbon methylated aromatics are often performed with the cofeed of hydrogen gas, over a zeolite based solid catalyst. Industrial processes operate the transalkylation reactor at elevated temperature and pressure to achieve desired process economics.
Hydrodealkylation is a chemical reaction that often involves reacting an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as toluene, in the presence of hydrogen gas to form a simpler aromatic hydrocarbon devoid of functional groups. An example is the conversion of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene to xylene. [1]
Aromatics refer to vegetables and herbs that add flavor and aroma to a dish. Commonly-used aromatics include leeks, onions, carrots and celery, but the list goes on.
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Shopping, preparing and cleaning up after a meal involves a lot of labor (and a fair amount of time). Plus, the potential for mealtime indecision is higher than ever, thanks to the countless ...