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The designations mean that the product contains respectively 75 and 100 kcals per 100 ml. F-75 provides 75 kcal and 0.9 g protein per 100 mL, while F-100 provides 100 kcal and 2.9 g protein. [3] Both are very high in energy, fat, and protein and provide a large amount of nutrients.
Milk fat is separated from proteins by adding sulfuric acid. The separation is facilitated by using amyl alcohol and centrifugation. The fat content is read directly via a special calibrated butyrometer. Gerber developed specialized butyrometers (tubes), pipettes, and centrifuges. Water baths built specifically for the Gerber tubes are often used.
Sheep and cow milk have a higher casein content than other types of milk with human milk having a particularly low casein content. [2] Casein is the primary emulsifier in milk, that is, it helps in mixing oils, fats, and water in milk. [3] Casein has a wide variety of uses, from being a major component of cheese, to use as a food additive. [4]
Today, most skim milk is created by spinning whole milk in a centrifuge so that the fat droplets separate out. [5] To make low fat milk, one can simply mix skim and whole milk in a fixed ratio. [6] The fat content of the raw milk produced by cows ranges from about 3.3% up to 5%.
The solubility of a specific solute in a specific solvent is generally expressed as the concentration of a saturated solution of the two. [1] Any of the several ways of expressing concentration of solutions can be used, such as the mass, volume, or amount in moles of the solute for a specific mass, volume, or mole amount of the solvent or of the solution.
To use it in place of fresh milk, simply open a can and mix it with an equal amount of water, then replace the milk in your recipe measure-for-measure. 4. Sweetened Condensed Milk
The test is based on the observation that a suitable amount of sulfuric acid added to the milk will dissolve proteins and other components, except the fat. Heating and centrifuging cause the fat to separate and float to the top, in a layer free of bubbles. The amount of fat in the milk can then be estimated from the volume of that layer.
Unsaponifiables are components of a fatty substance (oil, fat, wax) that fail to form soaps when treated with alkali and remain insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. For instance, typical soybean oil contains, by weight, 1.5 – 2.5% of unsaponifiable matter.