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Symptoms of acute compartment syndrome (ACS) include severe pain, decreased blood flow, decreased movement, numbness, and a pale limb. [5] It is most often due to physical trauma, like a bone fracture (up to 75% of cases) or a crush injury. [3] [6] It can also occur after blood flow returns following a period of poor circulation. [4]
As blood flow returns, the area turns red and burns. [2] The episodes typically last minutes but can last several hours. [2] The condition is named after the physician Auguste Gabriel Maurice Raynaud, who first described it in his doctoral thesis in 1862. [6] Episodes are typically triggered by cold or emotional stress. [2]
Surgical treatment may include removal of dead/damaged tissue (debridement) or amputation and is usually performed several weeks after initial injury. [11] [10] Urgent surgery is needed when sepsis, severe infection, or wet gangrene is present. [10] Fasciotomy may be required if compartment syndrome develops in the affected limb. [11] [10]
Gangrene itself happens when the tissue loses blood flow and becomes deprived of oxygen and nutrients. Without proper blood supply, cells in the affected area start dying, leading to decay. There are different types of gangrene, including dry, wet, and gas gangrene, depending on the underlying cause and the conditions of the tissue.
Cheiralgia paraesthetica (Wartenberg's syndrome) is a neuropathy of the hand generally caused by compression or trauma to the superficial branch of the radial nerve. [1] [2] The area affected is typically on the back or side of the hand at the base of the thumb, near the anatomical snuffbox, but may extend up the back of the thumb and index finger and across the back of the hand.
Fracture of the tuft of the finger. Finger injuries are usually diagnosed with x-ray and can get to be considerably painful. The majority of finger injuries can be dealt with conservative care and splints. However, if the bone presents an abnormal angularity or if it is displaced, one may need surgery and pins to hold the bones in place.
The RICE method is an effective procedure used in the initial treatment of a soft tissue injury. [6] Rest It is suggested that the patient take a break from the activity that caused the injury in order to give the injury time to heal. Ice The injury should be iced on and off in 20 minute intervals, avoiding direct contact of the ice with the skin.
The ICD-10 Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) is a US system of medical classification used for procedural coding.The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the agency responsible for maintaining the inpatient procedure code set in the U.S., contracted with 3M Health Information Systems in 1995 to design and then develop a procedure classification system to replace Volume 3 of ICD-9-CM.