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Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, [1] is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin.
In Australia, bauxite is mined using an open-cut method. [4] This is possible because most bauxite in Australia can be found at or relatively close to the surface and is easily accessible by this method. [2] Open cut mining involves first removing the area above the bauxite ore called the overburden.
The Siilinjärvi carbonatite complex, [1] an open-pit mine owned by Yara International, in Siilinjärvi, Finland Coal strip mine in Wyoming. Surface mining, including strip mining, open-pit mining and mountaintop removal mining, is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit (the overburden) are removed, in contrast to underground mining, in which the ...
As such they tend to be tabular, flat and really large, covering many square kilometres of the Earth's surface. However, at any one time the area of a deposit being worked for the nickel ore is much smaller, usually only a few hectares. The typical nickel laterite mine often operates as either an open cut mine or a strip mine. [citation needed]
Open-pit mining of silver oxide ores was the norm from 1885 to 1898, with local smelting. From 1898 until 1915, the leadzinc-silver sulfide minerals were developed with the concentrates treated overseas. Starting in 1915, the concentrates were treated entirely in Australia.
The Maules Creek coal mine is a large open-cut black coal mine owned and operated by Whitehaven Coal, located in the Gunnedah Basin, [1] near Boggabri in New South Wales, Australia. It has planning approval to extract up to 13 million tonnes of coal each year until 2034. [ 2 ]
The open-cut mine lies in the northern Bowen Basin. [1] Collinsville produces coking and steaming coal for both domestic use and export. Exports leave the country via Abbot Point. [1] The mine has coal reserves amounting to 196 million tonnes of coking coal, one of the largest coal reserves in Asia and the world. Collinsville has an annual ...
The mine works as an open cut operation and Mount Fubilan has been reduced to a deep pit in the ground in the course of the excavation of the Ok Tedi Mine. By 31 December 2004, 8,896,577 tonnes of copper concentrate (containing 2,853,265 tonnes of copper metal and 7,035,477 troy ounces or 218.8278 tonnes of gold metal) had been mined.