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With AMML being difficult to fully treat, the five-year survival rate is about 38-72% which typically decrease to 35-60% if there's no bone marrow transplantation performed. [11] Generally older patients over 60 have a poor outlook due to prior health status before the diagnosis and the aggressive chemotherapy regimen used. [13]
Acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL, or AML-M5) [2] is a type of acute myeloid leukemia. In AML-M5 >80% of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage. [3] This cancer is characterized by a dominance of monocytes in the bone marrow. There is an overproduction of monocytes that the body does not need in the periphery.
The rate of therapy-related AML (AML caused by previous chemotherapy) is expected to rise with an increase in the use of chemotherapy, an ageing population and more patients surviving their initial chemotherapy treatment; therapy-related disease accounts for just under 10% of all cases of AML. [89]
The survival rate for children under the age of 15 years with AML was 66.4% in the USA between 2007 and 2013. This is lower than the rates for ALL. [29] Prognostic factors for AML: Age at diagnosis: Children under 2 years old may have a better prognosis than older children. However, how strong this link is is unclear.
In children under 15 in first-world countries, the five-year survival rate is greater than 60% or even 90%, depending on the type of leukemia. For infants (those diagnosed under the age of 1), the survival rate is around 40%. [13] In children who are cancer-free five years after diagnosis of acute leukemia, the cancer is unlikely to return. [13]
Jun. 16—Mayo Clinic Children's Center is again ranked as a top-performing children's hospital on U.S. News & World Report's 2021-2022 "Best Children's Hospital's rankings. Mayo Children's Center ...
CMML-2 has a reduced overall survival as compared with CMML-1, with median survivals of 15 and 20 months, respectively. Myeloproliferative CMML (>13x10 9 monocytes/L) has a reduced survival compared with myelodysplastic CMML. A platelet count of <100 x10 9 /L reduces overall survival. A haemoglobin level of <10g/dL has a reduced overall survival.
Acute myeloid leukemia is a very heterogeneous disease, composed of a variety of translocations and mutations. However, one tenth of all acute myeloid leukemia cases diagnosed have the AML1-ETO fusion oncoprotein due to the t(8;21) translocation. AML1 or RUNX1 is a DNA-binding transcription factor located at the 21q22.