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Soviet occupation authorities also executed a rigorous program of land reform, expropriating large landed estates and imposing direct control over much of the economic activity in the zone. [20] They closed major banks and insurance companies in July 1945, and seized property formerly belonging to the German state, Wehrmacht, Nazi party, and ...
Borders of post-World War II Germany (1949). West Germany is shown in blue, East Germany is shown in red, The Saar protectorate under French economic control is shown in green. The Ruhr Area , the industrial engine of West Germany, is shown in brown as it was to some extent under the control of the International Authority for the Ruhr .
The American occupation zone in Germany (German: Amerikanische Besatzungszone), also known as the US-Zone, and the Southwest zone, [1] was one of the four occupation zones established by the Allies of World War II in Germany west of the Oder–Neisse line in July 1945, around two months after the German surrender and the end of World War II in Europe.
In 1948, the Deutsche Mark replaces the almost worthless Reichsmark in the Allied western occupation zones, initiating the start of economic recovery in western Germany. [6] In 1949, West Germany is formed from the Western occupation zones, with the exception of the Saarland. In 1949, the Marshall Plan is extended to include West Germany.
Some of the other books and documents describe conditions in a country devastated by years of war, efforts at political, economic and cultural development, and the differing perspectives coming from the U.S. and British zones and the Russian zone of occupation.
Each occupation power assumed authority in their respective zones by June 1945. The Allied powers originally pursued a common German policy, focused on denazification and demilitarization in preparation for the restoration of a democratic German nation-state. Over time, the western and Soviet zones drifted apart economically.
The British occupation zone in Germany (German: Britische Besatzungszone Deutschlands) was one of the Allied-occupied areas in Germany after World War II. The United Kingdom, along with the Commonwealth , was one of the three major Allied powers that defeated Nazi Germany .
After World War II, many countries adopted policies of economic liberalization in order to stimulate their economies.. The period directly after the war did not see many, the most notable exception being" West Germany's reforms of 1948, which set the stage for the Wirtschaftswunder in the 1950s and helped inform many of the liberalisations that were to come.