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Ilm al-kalam [a] or ilm al-lahut, [b] often shortened to kalam, is the scholastic, speculative, or rational study of Islamic theology (). [2] It can also be defined as the science that studies the fundamental doctrines of Islamic faith (usul al-din), proving their validity, or refuting doubts regarding them. [3]
Islam Nusantara or Indonesian (Islamic) model is a term used to refer to the empirical form of Islam that was developed in the Nusantara (Indonesian archipelago). This term was introduced and promoted by the Indonesian Islamic organization Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in 2015, as a rejection of Wahhabism .
‘Ilm (Arabic: علم "knowledge") is the Arabic term for knowledge.In the Islamic context, 'ilm typically refers to religious knowledge. In the Quran, the term "ilm" signifies God's own knowledge, which encompasses both the manifest and hidden aspects of existence.
The metaphor of a golden age began to be applied in 19th-century literature about Islamic history, in the context of the western aesthetic fashion known as Orientalism.The author of a Handbook for Travelers in Syria and Palestine in 1868 observed that the most beautiful mosques of Damascus were "like Mohammedanism itself, now rapidly decaying" and relics of "the golden age of Islam".
In Islam, a houri (/ ˈ h ʊər r i, ˈ h aʊ ə r i /; [1] Arabic: حُـورِيَّـة ,حُورِيّ, romanized: ḥūriyy, ḥūrīya, lit. 'maiden'), [Note 1] or houris or hoor al ayn in plural form, is a maiden woman with beautiful eyes who lives alongside the Muslim faithful in paradise.
This is a list of Hijri years (Latin: anno Hegirae or AH) with the corresponding common era years where applicable. For Hijri years since 1297 AH (1879/1881 CE), the Gregorian date of 1 Muharram, the first day of the year in the Islamic calendar, is given.
The Quran is the optimal source of knowledge in Islamic education. [35] For teaching Quranic traditions, the Maktab as elementary school emerged in mosques, private homes, shops, tents, and even outside. [36] [3] The Quran is studied by both men and women in the locations listed above, however, women haven't always been permitted in study in ...
Sahih al-Bukhari is revered as the most important hadith collection in Sunni Islam. Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim , the hadith collection of Al-Bukhari's student Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj , are together known as the Sahihayn ( Arabic : صحيحين , romanized : Saḥiḥayn ) and are regarded by Sunnis as the most authentic books after the Quran .