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The opposite of reductionism is holism, a word coined by Jan Smuts in Holism and Evolution, that understanding a system can be done only as a whole.One form of antireductionism (epistemological) holds that we simply are not capable of understanding systems at the level of their most basic constituents, and so the program of reductionism must fail.
Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
The fallacy of composition is an informal fallacy that arises when one infers that something is true of the whole from the fact that it is true of some part of the whole. A trivial example might be: "This tire is made of rubber; therefore, the vehicle of which it is a part is also made of rubber."
The ratio of the number of constituent particles in a substance, usually atoms or molecules, to the amount of substance, of which the SI unit is the mole. It is defined as exactly 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1. Avogadro number The total number of individual molecules in one mole of a substance, by definition equaling exactly 6.022 140 76 × 10 ...
"Against Interpretation" is Sontag's influential essay in Against Interpretation and Other Essays, which discusses the divisions between two different kinds of art criticism and theory: formalist interpretation and content-based interpretation. Sontag is strongly averse to what she considers to be contemporary interpretation, that is, an ...
The problem for compositionality is that the meaning of reading or writing is not present in the words of the sentence, neither in "begin" nor in "book". Further, in the context of the philosophy of language, the principle of compositionality does not explain all of meaning.
PALERMO — One of the two kindergarteners injured in a Northern California school shooting in early December may not regain the use of his legs, the family told CBS Sacramento on Thursday.
For the sciences, application of methodological reductionism attempts explanation of entire systems in terms of their individual, constituent parts and their interactions. For example, the temperature of a gas is reduced to nothing beyond the average kinetic energy of its molecules in motion.