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After 1881, Russian Germans were required to study Russian in school and lost all their remaining special privileges. Many Germans remained in Russia, particularly those who had done well as Russia began to industrialise in the late 19th century.
Russia Germans or Germans from Russia (German: Russlanddeutsche, literally "Russia Germans"; Russian: российские немцы, romanized: rossiyskiye nemtsy or русские немцы, literally "Russian Germans"), are ethnic Germans or their descendants who were born in Russia or in the Soviet Union.
It is known that 6,000 German officers were sent from the West to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (one of the NKVD special camps at the time) and from there to POW camps. [21] Soviet Ministry for the Interior documents released in 1990 listed 6,680 inmates in the NKVD special camps in Germany 1945–49 who were transferred to Soviet POW ...
Former eastern territories of Germany — 218,000 German civilians were deported to the USSR and at least 100,000 to 125,000 died. [29] Romania — 75,000 German civilians were deported to the USSR and that 15% (10,000) did not return. [30] Hungary — 30,000 to 35,000 German civilians were deported to the USSR and that death toll was 6,000. [31]
The German–Soviet population transfers were population transfers of ethnic Germans, ethnic Poles, and some ethnic East Slavs that took place from 1939 to 1941. These transfers were part of the German Heim ins Reich policy in accordance with the German–Soviet Frontier Treaty between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union .
The 45,000 Germans in Crimea (along with other Black Sea Germans) were forced into exile in Siberia and Kazakhstan, many into forced labour camps. [1] Many did not survive the labor camps. Many were deported as a result of the collectivization of all Soviet agricultural land in 1930/1931 by Stalin's first five-year plan.
When Russia withdrew from the war, ~2,500,000 Russian POWs were in German and Austrian hands. This by far exceeded the total number of prisoners of war (1,880,000) lost by the armies of Britain , France and Germany combined.
The St. Andrew's Flag, used by Russian Liberation Army and the Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia. Mass collaboration ensued after the German invasion of the Soviet Union of 1941, Operation Barbarossa. [1] The two main forms of mass collaboration in the Nazi-occupied territories were both military in nature