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Side effects can differ within the drug class due to differences in metabolism and pharmacology. For example, long-acting benzodiazepines have problems of drug accumulation especially in the elderly or those with liver disease, and shorter-acting benzodiazepines have a higher risk of more severe withdrawal symptoms.
The nonbenzodiazepines, also called benzodiazepine-like drugs, are a class of psychoactive drugs pharmacologically resembling the benzodiazepines, with similar benefits, side effects and risks, despite having dissimilar or entirely different chemical structures.
Common side effects include daytime sleepiness, headache, nausea, and diarrhea. [11] More severe side effects include memory problems and hallucinations . [ 7 ] While flumazenil , a GABA A –receptor antagonist , can reverse zolpidem's effects, usually supportive care is all that is recommended in overdose.
Benzodiazepines can cause side effects, including some that may affect your alertness, physical health and daily life. Common side effects of benzodiazepines include: Drowsiness.
Common side effects include headache, dry mouth, nausea, and dizziness. [5] Severe side effects may include suicidal thoughts, hallucinations, and angioedema. [5] Rapid decreasing of the dose may result in withdrawal. [5] Eszopiclone is classified as a nonbenzodiazepine or Z-drug and a sedative and hypnotic of the cyclopyrrolone group. [7]
Zopiclone, sold under the brand name Imovane among others, is a nonbenzodiazepine, specifically a cyclopyrrolone, used to treat difficulty sleeping.Zopiclone is molecularly distinct from benzodiazepine drugs and is classed as a cyclopyrrolone.
Benzodiazepines such as clonazepam can be very effective in controlling status epilepticus, but, when used for longer periods of time, some potentially serious side-effects may develop, such as interference with cognitive functions and behavior. [76] Many individuals treated on a long-term basis develop a dependence.
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have anxiolytic effects; however, side effects are often more troubling or severe and overdose is dangerous. They are considered effective, but have generally been replaced by antidepressants that cause different adverse effects. Examples include imipramine, doxepin, amitriptyline, nortriptyline and desipramine ...