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2. Quarter sawing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarter_sawing

   Quarter sawing or quartersawing is a woodworking process that produces quarter-sawn or quarter-cut boards in the rip cutting of logs into lumber. The resulting lumber can also be called radially-sawn or simply quartered .

3. Lumber - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumber

   Quarter sawn and rift sawn – These terms have been confused in history but generally mean lumber sawn so the annual rings are reasonably perpendicular to the sides (not edges) of the lumber. Boxed heart – The pith remains within the timber, post or beam, with some allowance for exposure. Heart center – the center core of a log.

4. Rip cut - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rip_cut

   The types of rip-cuts influence the quality of the lumber. Plain-sawn is the most common type of cut where a log is repeatedly run through a saw and much of the lumber has wood grain nearly parallel to the width of the boards. Quarter sawn and rift-sawn wood is more time consuming and wasteful to produce but is of higher quality.

5. Glossary of woodworking - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_woodworking

   rift sawn Rip-sawing of lumber perpendicular to the grain, often confused with quarter-sawn. ring shake A natural type of split (shake) occurring between the annual growth rings. rip Any cut made parallel to the grain. rip saw route. Also spelled rout. To cut a channel or groove. router

6. Rift sawing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rift_sawing

   Rift sawing is a woodworking process that aims to produce lumber that is less vulnerable to distortion than flat-sawn lumber. Rift-sawing may be done strictly along a log's radials—perpendicular to the annular growth ring orientation or wood grain—or as part of the quarter sawing process.

7. Wood grain - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_grain

   Wood grain is the longitudinal arrangement of wood fibers [1] or the pattern resulting from such an arrangement. [2] R. Bruce Hoadley wrote that grain is a "confusingly versatile term" with numerous different uses, including the direction of the wood cells (e.g., straight grain, spiral grain), surface appearance or figure, growth-ring placement (e.g., vertical grain), plane of the cut (e.g ...