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Nicaraguan Revolution; Part of the Central American crisis and the Cold War: Clockwise from top left: FSLN guerrillas entering León, suspected rebels executed in León, a government spy captured by guerrilla forces, destruction of towns and villages taken by guerrilla forces, a bombing by the National Guard air force, an FSLN soldier aiming an RPG-2
The war left approximately 50,000 dead and 150,000 Nicaraguans in exile. The five-member junta entered the Nicaraguan capital the next day and assumed power, reiterating its pledge to work for political pluralism, a mixed economic system, and a nonaligned foreign policy.
The United States occupation of Nicaragua from August 4, 1912, to January 2, 1933, was part of the Banana Wars, when the U.S. military invaded various Latin American countries from 1898 to 1934. The formal occupation began on August 4, 1912, even though there were various other assaults by the United States in Nicaragua throughout this period.
In 1912, during the Banana Wars period, the U.S. occupied Nicaragua as a means of protecting American business interests and protecting the rights that Nicaragua granted to the United States to construct a canal there. [57] At the same time, the United States and Mexican governments competed for political influence in Central America.
The US government knew that the Nicaraguans had been exhausted from the war, which had cost 30,865 lives, and that voters usually vote the incumbents out during economic decline. By the late 1980s Nicaragua's internal conditions had changed so radically that the US approach to the 1990 elections differed greatly from 1984.
US troops held large military exercises in Honduras during the 1980s, and trained thousands of Salvadorans in the country. [15] The nation also hosted bases for the Nicaraguan Contras. In 1986, they began to see armed conflicts on the border with Nicaragua, which ended in the aerial bombardment of two Nicaraguan towns by the Honduran Air Force.
Beginning of the Cold War; Anastasio Somoza García: Costa Rican Civil War (1948) Costa Rica Calderón Forces People's Vanguard Party Nicaragua: National Liberation Movement Ulatistas: Defeat. Teodoro Picado Michalski toppled, José Figueres Ferrer becomes President of Costa Rica; Víctor Manuel Román: Invasion of Costa Rica (1955) Calderón ...
Hoekstra, Quint. "Helping the contras: The effectiveness of US support for foreign rebels during the Nicaraguan Contra War (1979–1990)." Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 44.6 (2021): 521-541. Lee, David Johnson. The Ends of Modernization: Nicaragua and the United States in the Cold War Era (Cornell UP, 2021). Kagan, Robert.