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5.9 Calculate sunrise and sunset. ... The sunrise equation or sunset equation can be used to derive the time of ... (time (), latitude, longitude, elevation, debugtz ...
The solar zenith angle is the zenith angle of the sun, i.e., the angle between the sun’s rays and the vertical direction.It is the complement to the solar altitude or solar elevation, which is the altitude angle or elevation angle between the sun’s rays and a horizontal plane.
This article contains a list of notable circles of latitude on Earth. Day length for any latitude, and sunrise and sunset times on any longitude, can be calculated for any date using, for example, the sunrise equation. Online calculators are also available, such as from NOAA. [1]
The time when the Sun transits the observer's meridian depends on the geographic longitude. To find the Sun's position for a given location at a given time, one may therefore proceed in three steps as follows: [1] [2] calculate the Sun's position in the ecliptic coordinate system, convert to the equatorial coordinate system, and
For a given latitude and a given date, calculate the declination of the Sun using longitude and solar noon time as inputs to the routine; Calculate the sunset hour angle using the sunset equation; Calculate the sunset time, which is the solar noon time plus the sunset hour angle in degree divided by 15;
For a given latitude and a given date, calculate the declination of the Sun using longitude and solar noon time as inputs to the routine; Calculate the sunrise hour angle using the sunrise equation; Calculate the sunrise time, which is the solar noon time minus the sunrise hour angle in degree divided by 15;
The solar azimuth angle is the azimuth (horizontal angle with respect to north) of the Sun's position. [1] [2] [3] This horizontal coordinate defines the Sun's relative direction along the local horizon, whereas the solar zenith angle (or its complementary angle solar elevation) defines the Sun's apparent altitude.
The cosine of the hour angle (cos(h)) is used to calculate the solar zenith angle. At solar noon, h = 0.000 so cos( h ) = 1 , and before and after solar noon the cos(± h ) term = the same value for morning (negative hour angle) or afternoon (positive hour angle), so that the Sun is at the same altitude in the sky at 11:00AM and 1:00PM solar time.