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Prussia (/ ˈ p r ʌ ʃ ə /, German: Preußen [ˈpʁɔʏsn̩] ⓘ; Old Prussian: Prūsija, Prūsa [b]) was a German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order.
Prussia (Polish: Prusy ⓘ; Lithuanian: Prūsija; Russian: Пруссия [ˈprusʲ(ː)ɪjə] ⓘ; Prussian: Prūsa; German: Preußen [ˈpʁɔʏsn̩] ⓘ; Latin: Pruthenia/ Prussia / Borussia) is a historical region in Central Europe on the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, that ranges from the Vistula delta in the west to the end of the Curonian Spit in the east and extends inland as far ...
Albrecht decreed that Luther's Catechism was to be translated into the Old Prussian language, Polish, and Lithuanian, so that the creed could unite the people of both the Duchy of Prussia and Royal Prussia. Cultural unity between the two parts of Prussian was threatened by the Polish strive to unite Royal Prussia with Poland proper. [41]
He also compared the Polish peasants unfavorably with the Iroquois, [11] and named three of his new Prussian settlements after colonial areas of North America: Florida, Philadelphia and Saratoga. [16] The Poles remaining in the territories were to be Germanized. [8] The Polish language was marginalized. [26]
In 1166, two Polish dukes, Bolesław IV and his younger brother Henry, came into Prussia, again over the Ossa River. The prepared Prussians led the Polish army, under the leadership of Henry, into an area of marshy morass. Whoever did not drown was felled by an arrow or by throwing clubs, and nearly all Polish troops perished.
The Kingdom of Prussia [a] (German: Königreich Preußen, pronounced [ˈkøːnɪkʁaɪç ˈpʁɔʏsn̩] ⓘ) constituted the German state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918. [5] It was the driving force behind the unification of Germany in 1866 and was the leading state of the German Empire until its dissolution in 1918. [5]
The intellectual and artistic climate of the early 19th century further stimulated the growth of Polish demands for self-government. During these decades, modern nationalism took shape and rapidly developed a massive following throughout the continent, becoming the most dynamic and appealing political doctrine of its time.
The Province of Posen (German: Provinz Posen; Polish: Prowincja Poznańska) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1848 to 1920, occupying most of the historical Greater Poland. The province was established following the Poznań Uprising of 1848 as a successor to the Grand Duchy of Posen , which in turn was annexed by Prussia in 1815 ...