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Lattice degeneration is a disease of the human eye wherein the peripheral retina becomes atrophic in a lattice pattern. Usually, this happens slowly over time and does not cause any symptoms, and medical intervention is neither needed nor recommended.
This subgroup (depending on the precise definitions) is termed nascent GA and/or iRORA (incomplete retinal pigment epithelium and outer retinal atrophy). [60] [61] These 'high-risk' subgroups of intermediate AMD can be used to inform patients of theirs prognosis. In addition, these can be applied in clinical trials as endpoints.
Family history of retinal detachment [10] Previous retinal detachment in the other eye [8] [9] [10] Lattice degeneration: Thinning of the retina, which increases its susceptibility to breaks or tears. [9] [10] [18] Cystic retinal tuft: A small, raised spot present on the retina from birth that increases the risk for tears and detachment. [9] [10]
Occult macular dystrophy (OMD) is a rare inherited degradation of the retina, characterized by progressive loss of function in the most sensitive part of the central retina (), the location of the highest concentration of light-sensitive cells (photoreceptors) but presenting no visible abnormality.
Geographic atrophy (GA), also known as atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or advanced dry AMD, is an advanced form of age-related macular degeneration that can result in the progressive and irreversible loss of retinal tissue (photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, choriocapillaris) which can lead to a loss of visual function over time.
Autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) is a rare immunological disease in which the patient's immune system attacks proteins in the retina, leading to loss of vision.Researchers do not yet fully understand the disease, but it may be the result of cancer or cancer chemotherapy. [1]
The optic nerve contains axons of nerve cells that emerge from the retina, leave the eye at the optic disc, and go to the visual cortex where input from the eye is processed into vision. There are 1.2 million optic nerve fibers that derive from the retinal ganglion cells of the inner retina. [2] Damage to the optic nerve can have different causes:
Radiation retinopathy is damage to retina due to exposure to ionizing radiation. Radiation retinopathy has a delayed onset, typically after months or years of radiation, and is slowly progressive. In general, radiation retinopathy is seen around 18 months after treatment with external-beam radiation and with brachytherapy.
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