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Brain herniation is a potentially deadly side effect of very high pressure within the skull that occurs when a part of the brain is squeezed across structures within the skull. The brain can shift across such structures as the falx cerebri , the tentorium cerebelli , and even through the foramen magnum (the hole in the base of the skull through ...
Cerebral contusion is bruising of the brain tissue. The piamater is not breached in contusion in contrary to lacerations. The majority of contusions occur in the frontal and temporal lobes. Complications may include cerebral edema and transtentorial herniation. The goal of treatment should be to treat the increased intracranial pressure. The ...
The brain damage caused by radiation depends on where the brain tumor is located, the amount of radiation used, and the duration of the treatment. Radiosurgery can also lead to tissue damage that results in about 1 in 20 patients requiring a second operation to remove the damaged tissue. [27] [28]
Second-impact syndrome (SIS) occurs when the brain swells rapidly, and catastrophically, after a person has a second concussion before symptoms from an earlier one have subsided. This second blow may occur minutes, days, or weeks after an initial concussion, [ 1 ] and even the mildest grade of concussion can lead to second impact syndrome. [ 2 ]
Several complications can occur as a result of sCSFLS including decreased cranial pressure, brain herniation, infection, blood pressure problems, transient paralysis, and coma. The primary and most serious complication of a spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak is spontaneous intracranial hypotension , where pressure in the brain is severely ...
Brain herniation is associated with hyperventilation, extensor rigidity, pupillary asymmetry, pyramidal signs, coma and death. [10] Hemorrhage into the basal ganglia or thalamus causes contralateral hemiplegia due to damage to the internal capsule. [7] Other possible symptoms include gaze palsies or hemisensory loss. [7]
Symptoms and signs vary depending on the type of hernia. By far the most common hernias develop in the abdomen when a weakness in the abdominal wall evolves into a localized hole, or "defect", through which adipose tissue , or abdominal organs covered with peritoneum , may protrude.
Onset of symptoms are less likely to be present during adulthood in most patients. Younger children generally have a substantially different presentation of clinical symptoms from older children. Younger children are more likely to have a more rapid neurological degeneration with profound brainstem dysfunction over several days. [citation needed]