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Gabapentin, sold under the brand name Neurontin among others, is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to treat partial seizures and neuropathic pain. [ 7 ] [ 10 ] It is a commonly used medication for the treatment of neuropathic pain caused by diabetic neuropathy , postherpetic neuralgia , and central pain . [ 11 ]
Pregabalin and gabapentin may reduce pain associated with diabetic neuropathy. [28] [26] [29] [30] The anticonvulsants carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine are especially effective in trigeminal neuralgia. Carbamazepine is a voltage-gated sodium channel inhibitor, and reduces neuronal excitability by preventing depolarisation. [31]
A 2017 Cochrane systematic review found that daily dosages between 1800–3600 mg of gabapentin could provide good pain relief for pain associated with diabetic neuropathy only. This relief occurred for roughly 30–40% of treated patients, while placebo had a 10–20% response.
Diabetic neuropathy can affect any peripheral nerves including sensory neurons, motor neurons, and the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, diabetic neuropathy has the potential to affect essentially any organ system and can cause a range of symptoms. There are several distinct syndromes based on the organ systems affected. [citation needed]
The oral bioavailability of gabapentin enacarbil (as gabapentin) is greater than or equal to 68%, across all doses assessed (up to 2,800 mg), with a mean of approximately 75%. [ 28 ] [ 1 ] In contrast to the other gabapentinoids, the pharmacokinetics of phenibut have been little-studied, and its oral bioavailability is unknown. [ 31 ]
If you’re taking gabapentin for any number of reasons — seizures, neuropathic pain, etc. — you likely know what it does. But understandably, you could be confused about how a medication for ...