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Although the substantia nigra appears as a continuous band in brain sections, anatomical studies have found that it actually consists of two parts with very different connections and functions: the pars compacta (SNpc) and the pars reticulata (SNpr). The pars compacta serves mainly as a projection to the basal ganglia circuit, supplying the ...
The pars reticulata (SNpr) is a portion of the substantia nigra and is located lateral to the pars compacta. Most of the neurons that project out of the pars reticulata are inhibitory GABAergic neurons (i.e., these neurons release GABA , which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter ).
The pars compacta (SNpc) is one of two subdivisions of the substantia nigra of the midbrain (the other being the pars reticulata); it is situated medial to the pars reticulata. It is formed by dopaminergic neurons. [1] It projects to the striatum and portions of the cerebral cortex. [2] It is functionally involved in fine motor control.
The substantia nigra is located in the ventral midbrain of each hemisphere. It has two distinct parts, the pars compacta (SNc) and the pars reticulata (SNr). The pars compacta contains dopaminergic neurons from the A9 cell group that forms the nigrostriatal pathway that, by supplying dopamine to the striatum, relays information to the basal ganglia.
The substantia nigra is a midbrain gray matter portion of the basal ganglia that has two parts – the pars compacta (SNc) and the pars reticulata (SNr). SNr often works in unison with GPi, and the SNr-GPi complex inhibits the thalamus.
Pars compacta; Pars reticulata; Interpeduncular nucleus; Cerebral peduncle. Crus cerebri; Mesencephalic cranial nerve nuclei. Oculomotor nucleus (III) Edinger-Westphal nucleus; Trochlear nucleus (IV) Mesencephalic duct (cerebral aqueduct, aqueduct of Sylvius)
In the direct pathway, medium spiny neurons project to the internal division of the globus pallidus (GPi) or the substantia nigra pars reticula (SNpr or SNr). These nuclei project to the deep layer of the superior colliculus and control fast eye movements (saccades), [ 15 ] and also project to the ventral thalamus, which in turn projects to ...
The same for the substantia nigra pars reticulata. [11] The subthalamic nucleus sends axons to another regulator: the pedunculo-pontine complex (id). The lateropallido-subthalamic system is thought to play a key role in the generation of the patterns of activity seen in Parkinson's disease .