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An example demonstrating how drug combination with additive effect can cause adverse effects is the co-administration of ACEI and potassium-sparing diuretics. [3] Despite having different mechanisms of action, the drugs are able to reduce potassium excretion from the body.
Antibiotic synergy is desirable in a clinic sense for several reasons. At the patient level, the boosted antimicrobial potency provided by synergy allows the body to more rapidly clear infections, resulting in shorter courses of antibiotic therapy. [3] Shorter courses of therapy in turn reduce the effects of dose-related toxicity, if applicable ...
The Loewe additivity equation provides a prediction of the dose combination eliciting a given effect. Departure from Loewe additivity can be assessed informally by comparing this prediction to observations.
Synergy is an interaction or cooperation giving rise to a whole that is greater than the simple sum of its parts (i.e., a non-linear addition of force, energy, or effect). [1] The term synergy comes from the Attic Greek word συνεργία synergia [2] from synergos, συνεργός, meaning "working together".
Pharmacodynamics is sometimes abbreviated as PD and pharmacokinetics as PK, especially in combined reference (for example, when speaking of PK/PD models). Pharmacodynamics places particular emphasis on dose–response relationships , that is, the relationships between drug concentration and effect. [ 1 ]
Microbial synergy is a phenomenon in which aerobic and anaerobic microbes support each other's growth and proliferation. In this process aerobes invade and destroy host tissues, reduce tissue oxygen concentration and redox potential , thus creating favorable conditions for anaerobic growth and proliferation.
Whole-person specialty care, a model where a comprehensive care team works together to coordinate personalized and individualized treatment, is offering renewed hope for patients.
An example of this is the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. The opposite of antagonism is synergy. It is a negative type of synergism. Experiments with different combinations show that binary mixtures of phenolics can lead to either a synergetic antioxidant effect or to an antagonistic effect. [7]