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California Senate Bill 202, passed in 2011, mandated that initiatives and optional referendums can appear only on the November general election ballot, a statute that was controversial at the time, being seen as a self-serving, single-party initiative; [3] the November general election rule for initiatives and optional referendums has ...
Propositions can be placed on the ballot either through the exercise of the initiative power by the voters or by a vote of the state legislature. The state initiative power was added to the California constitution in 1911 as part of the ethics reform instituted by Governor Hiram Johnson in the early 1910s.
A popular initiative (also citizens' initiative) is a form of direct democracy by which a petition meeting certain hurdles can force a legal procedure on a proposition. In direct initiative , the proposition is put directly to a plebiscite or referendum , also called a popular initiated referendum or citizen-initiated referendum .
Initiatives and referendums—collectively known as "ballot measures", "propositions", or simply "questions"—differ from most legislation passed by representative democracies; ordinarily, an elected legislative body develops and passes laws. Initiatives and referendums, by contrast, allow citizens to vote directly on legislation.
There is also local government, consisting of counties, cities, special districts, and school districts, as well as government entities and offices that operate independently on a constitutional, statutory, or common law basis. The state also allows direct participation of the electorate by initiative, referendum, recall and ratification.
Initiative statute. [10] 36: Passed Revises three strikes law to impose life sentence only when new felony conviction is serious or violent. Initiative statute. [11] 37: Failed Requires labeling on raw or processed food offered for sale to consumers if made from plants or animals with genetic material changed in specified ways. Initiative ...
In Maine, an initiative to join the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact began collecting signatures on April 17, 2016. It failed to collect enough signatures to appear on the ballot. [143] [144] In Arizona, a similar initiative began collecting signatures on December 19, 2016, but failed to collect the required 150,642 signatures by July 5 ...
Allocation for Instructional Materials. Legislative Initiative Amendment. 21 – Passed – Juvenile Crime. Initiative Statute. 22 – Passed – Limit on Marriages. Initiative Statute. 23 – Failed – 'None of the Above' Ballot Option. Initiative Statute. 24 – Removed from ballot by order of the California Supreme Court. Proposed ...