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The Marattiaceae are a primitive group of tropical ferns with large, fleshy rhizomes and are now thought to be a sibling taxon to the leptosporangiate ferns. Several other groups of species were considered fern allies: the clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts in Lycopodiophyta; the whisk ferns of Psilotaceae; and the horsetails of Equisetaceae.
The tree ferns are arborescent (tree-like) ferns that grow with a trunk elevating the fronds above ground level, making them trees. Many extant tree ferns are members of the order Cyatheales, to which belong the families Cyatheaceae (scaly tree ferns), Dicksoniaceae, Metaxyaceae, and Cibotiaceae. It is estimated that Cyatheales originated in ...
Angiopteris evecta is a self-supporting evergreen perennial fern with very large bipinnate fronds. The trunk-like rhizome is massive, measuring up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) in diameter. The older portions of the rhizome lie on the ground while the newer growth may rise vertically up to 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) high. The arching, glossy green fronds, which ...
There are 5 species of cycad listed as Extinct in the Wild: Encephalartos brevifoliolatus, Escarpment cycad. Encephalartos heenanii, Heenan's Cycad. Encephalartos nubimontanus, Blue cycad. Encephalartos relictus, Parlota cycad. Encephalartos woodii, Wood's cycad. Encephalartos woodii is known only from its type specimen, which was discovered in ...
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant ...
Pinophytina. Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (/ pɪˈnɒfɪtə, ˈpaɪnoʊfaɪtə /), also known as Coniferophyta (/ ˌkɒnɪfəˈrɒfɪtə, - oʊfaɪtə /) or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida.
The order Cyatheales, which includes most tree ferns, is a taxonomic order of the fern class, Polypodiopsida. [2] No clear morphological features characterize all of the Cyatheales, but DNA sequence data indicate the order is monophyletic. Some species in the Cyatheales have tree-like growth forms from a vertical rhizome, others have shorter or ...
List of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha animals extinct in the Holocene. List of Asian animals extinct in the Holocene. List of European species extinct in the Holocene. List of extinct animals of the British Isles. List of North American animals extinct in the Holocene. List of Antillian and Bermudan animals extinct in the Holocene.