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The typical nominal dimensions for wood, such as 2 x 4, refer to the thickness and the width of the wood. If a third number is added onto the nominal dimensions, such as 2 x 4 x 96, it indicates the length of the wood.
Standard sizes for dimensional lumber range from 2″ x 4″ to 2″ x 12″. However, sizing is nominal, and the actual sizes of the lumber are typically 1/2″ to 3/4″ smaller.
This chart shows the nominal (in name only) and corresponding actual (real) dimensions of common wood sizes like 2×4 dimensions and 1×4 lumber.
The actual size of a standard 2×4 is 1.5″x3.5″. Therefore, when you’re planning a construction project that involves several 2x4s, you need to make sure you use the actual dimensions and not the dimensions that are commonly used to describe these boards, i.e. 2″x4″.
What are the actual dimensions of a 2x4? Believe it or not, a 2x4 board does NOT measure 2" x 4"! Why? A 2x4's actual dimensions are approximately 1.5" x 3.5". Although initially cut as a true 2x4 during rough sawing, the board shrinks to its finished size through drying and planing processes.
Today, a 2×4 is actually 1.5 inches by 3.5 inches. These dimensions are widely recognized and used in construction projects around the world. The nominal sizing system simplifies communication and design, ensuring that when someone asks for a 2×4, everyone knows the actual size to expect. Conclusion
The 2 × 4 being sold is actually 1 1/2” by 3 1/2.” There is a difference in actual and nominal dimensions because pine and other timber shrink after it is milled and planed. In planing, we flatten, reduce the thickness of, and impart a smooth surface to a rough piece of lumber or timber.
The most well-known piece of lumber is the 2x4, pronounced two-by-four. It’s mostly used in the framing of houses but you’ll also see it in just about any other construction or DIY project. But there is a caveat will calling a 2x4 a 2x4: It’s not really two inches by four inches as its name implies. A 2x4 is actually 3-½ inches by 1-½ ...
The most common size of dimensional lumber is the two-by-four (2x4), which measures 1 1/2 inches by 3 1/2 inches. Four-by-fours (4x4) are typically used as fence posts. What is dimensional lumber used for?
Dimensional lumber is cut to a specific length, width, and depth. However, there is a difference between the nominal size (what the lumber is referred to) and the actual size. The tables below provide both the nominal and actual lumber dimensions for many common North American lumber sizes.