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  2. Caloric reflex test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caloric_reflex_test

    ICD-9-CM. 95.44. MedlinePlus. 003429. In medicine, the caloric reflex test (sometimes termed 'vestibular caloric stimulation ') is a test of the vestibulo-ocular reflex that involves irrigating cold or warm water or air into the external auditory canal. This method was developed by Robert Bárány, who won a Nobel prize in 1914 for this discovery.

  3. Optokinetic response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optokinetic_response

    Horizontal optokinetic nystagmus. The optokinetic reflex ( OKR ), also referred to as the optokinetic response, or optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), is a compensatory reflex that supports visual image stabilization. [ 1] The purpose of OKR is to prevent image blur on the retina that would otherwise occur when an animal moves its head or navigates ...

  4. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benign_paroxysmal...

    Exterior of labyrinth of the inner ear. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo ( BPPV) is a disorder arising from a problem in the inner ear. [ 3] Symptoms are repeated, brief periods of vertigo with movement, characterized by a spinning sensation upon changes in the position of the head. [ 1] This can occur with turning in bed or changing ...

  5. Field sobriety testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_sobriety_testing

    The officer checks for three clues in each eye, which gives six clues for this test. The clues are: lack of smooth pursuit of the eyes, distinct and sustained nystagmus at the eyes' maximum deviation and nystagmus starting before the eyes reach 45 degrees. Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Instructions (HGN) I am going to check your eyes.

  6. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leber's_hereditary_optic...

    Idebenone, combined with avoidance of smoke and limitation of alcohol intake, is the preferred treatment protocol for people with LHON. [32] Idebenone doses are prescribed to be taken spaced out throughout the day, rather than all at once. For example, to achieve a dose of 900 mg per day, patients take 300 mg three times daily with meals.

  7. Nystagmus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus

    Nystagmus. Nystagmus is a condition of involuntary (or voluntary, in some cases) [1] eye movement. [2] People can be born with it but more commonly acquire it in infancy or later in life. In many cases it may result in reduced or limited vision. [3] In normal eyesight, while the head rotates about an axis, distant visual images are sustained by ...

  8. Wernicke encephalopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wernicke_encephalopathy

    Wernicke encephalopathy ( WE ), also Wernicke's encephalopathy, [ 1] or wet brain is the presence of neurological symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, in particular thiamine (vitamin B 1 ). [ 2] The condition is part of a larger group of thiamine deficiency disorders that ...

  9. Electronystagmography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronystagmography

    Electronystagmography. Electronystagmography ( ENG) is a diagnostic test to record involuntary movements of the eye caused by a condition known as nystagmus. It can also be used to diagnose the cause of vertigo, dizziness or balance dysfunction by testing the vestibular system. [ 1] Electronystagmography is used to assess voluntary and ...