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Byzantine coinage. Byzantine currency, money used in the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the West, consisted of mainly two types of coins: gold solidi and hyperpyra and a variety of clearly valued bronze coins. By the 15th century, the currency was issued only in debased silver stavrata and minor copper coins with no gold issue.
The East Roman or Byzantine Empire established and operated several mints throughout its history (330–1453). Aside from the main metropolitan mint in the capital, Constantinople, a varying number of provincial mints were also established in other urban centres, especially during the 6th century. Most provincial mints except for Syracuse were ...
Notice the lack of any imagery except the cross. The miliaresion ( Greek: μιλιαρήσιον, from Latin: miliarensis ), is a name used for two types of Byzantine silver coins. In its most usual sense, it refers to the themed flat silver coin struck between the 8th and 11th Century.
Hyperpyron of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos (r. 1143–1180), showing its typical scyphate (cup-shaped) form. The hyperpyron ( Greek: νόμισμα ὑπέρπυρον nómisma hypérpyron) was a Byzantine coin in use during the late Middle Ages, replacing the solidus as the Byzantine Empire 's standard gold coinage in the 11th century.
This design of the emperor with the spear over his shoulder was the conventional portrait for over a century in the Eastern Roman Empire, from AD 395 to 537. The solidus ( Latin 'solid'; pl.: solidi) or nomisma ( Greek: νόμισμα, nómisma, lit. 'coin') was a highly pure gold coin issued in the Later Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire.
Nummus [dubious – discuss] of AD 317–330. The term nummus is now usually applied solely to the 5th–7th century Byzantine issues. These were small, badly struck coins, weighing less than 1 gram, forming the lowest denomination of Byzantine coinage. They were valued officially at ⁄ 7,200 of the gold solidus but more usually rated to ...
Histamenon ( Greek: [νόμισμα] ἱστάμενον [nómisma] histámenon, "standard [coin]") was the name given to the gold Byzantine solidus when the slightly lighter tetarteron was introduced in the 960s. To distinguish the two, the histamenon was changed in form from the original solidus, becoming wider and thinner, as well as concave ...
Tetarteron. The tetarteron ( Greek: [νόμισμα] τεταρτηρόν, "quarter [coin]") was a Byzantine term applied to two different coins, one gold circulating from the 960s to 1092 in parallel to the histamenon, and one copper used from 1092 to the second half of the 13th century.
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