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A vacuum-tube computer, now termed a first-generation computer, is a computer that uses vacuum tubes for logic circuitry. While the history of mechanical aids to computation goes back centuries, if not millennia, the history of vacuum tube computers is confined to the middle of the 20th century. Lee De Forest invented the triode in 1906.
List of vacuum-tube computers. EDSAC. Vacuum-tube computers, now called first-generation computers, [ 1] are programmable digital computers using vacuum-tube logic circuitry. They were preceded by systems using electromechanical relays and followed by systems built from discrete transistors. Some later computers on the list had both vacuum ...
Sylvania Electric Products. Sylvania Electric Products Inc. was an American manufacturer of diverse electrical equipment, including at various times radio transceivers, vacuum tubes, semiconductors, and mainframe computers such as MOBIDIC. They were one of the companies involved in the development of the COBOL programming language.
A vacuum tube, electron tube, [ 1][ 2][ 3] valve (British usage), or tube (North America) [ 4] is a device that controls electric current flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which an electric potential difference has been applied. The type known as a thermionic tube or thermionic valve utilizes thermionic emission of electrons from a ...
7AK7 vacuum tubes in a 1956 UNIVAC I computer. UNIVAC I used 6,103 vacuum tubes, [18] [19] weighed 16,686 pounds (8.3 short tons; 7.6 t), consumed 125 kW, [20] and could perform about 1,905 operations per second running on a 2.25 MHz clock. The Central Complex alone (i.e. the processor and memory unit) was 4.3 m by 2.4 m by 2.6 m high.
YD1336 – 1.8 kW, Air-cooled, UHF power triode. YD1342 – 30 MHz, 530 kW, Water-cooled RF power triode. YD1352S (8867, DX334) – 5 MHz, 2 kW, Water-cooled Neotron, a gridless field-effect tube where a magnetically focused electron beam is modulated by varying the voltage of a gate electrode surrounding it.
A valve amplifier or tube amplifier is a type of electronic amplifier that uses vacuum tubes to increase the amplitude or power of a signal. Low to medium power valve amplifiers for frequencies below the microwaves were largely replaced by solid state amplifiers in the 1960s and 1970s. Valve amplifiers can be used for applications such as ...
Lee de Forest (August 26, 1873 – June 30, 1961) was an American inventor, electrical engineer and an early pioneer in electronics of fundamental importance. He invented the first practical electronic amplifier , the three-element "Audion" triode vacuum tube in 1906. This helped start the Electronic Age, and enabled the development of the ...