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The Hebrews obtained gemstones from the Middle East, India, and Egypt. [ 1] At the time of the Exodus, the Bible states that the Israelites took gemstones with them ( Book of Exodus, iii, 22; xii, 35–36). When they were settled in the Land of Israel, they obtained gemstones from the merchant caravans travelling from Babylonia or Persia to ...
Rabbi Saadia Gaon, however, in his Judeo-Arabic translation of Isaiah, [34] translates kadkhod as karkand, a red variety of precious stone. Josephus, quoting from one version of the Septuagint, says it was a beryl. [35] Numbers Rabba 2:7 says that the stone was varicolored, meaning all of the colors combined were to be found in the yāšǝfêh.
The stones can also refer to the gems on the breastplate of the high priest; or, metaphorically, the priests and Levites. The Jerusalem Bible also argues that both the gold and the stones "are the people of Jerusalem". Verse 2 The precious sons of Zion, comparable to fine gold, how are they esteemed as earthen pitchers,
Urim (אוּרִים ) traditionally has been taken to derive from a root meaning "lights"; these derivations are reflected in the Neqqudot of the Masoretic Text. [3] In consequence, Urim and Thummim has traditionally been translated as "lights and perfections" (by Theodotion, for example), or, by taking the phrase allegorically, as meaning "revelation and truth" or "doctrine and truth."
The stone intended may be the sapphire. [9] In Revelation 9:17, the word appears in adjective form (hyakinthinous, "hyacinthine"); [10] this, again, is thought to be descriptive of a blue or purple colour, with no reference to the modern jacinth stone. [11]
Ophir in Genesis 10 (the Table of Nations) is said to be the name of one of the sons of Joktan. [b] The Books of Kings and Chronicles tell of a joint expedition to Ophir by King Solomon and the Tyrian king Hiram I from Ezion-Geber, a port on the Red Sea, that brought back large amounts of gold, precious stones and 'algum wood' and of a later failed expedition by king Jehoshaphat of Judah.
A mixture of other minerals, often including pyrite. Lapis lazuli ( UK: / ˌlæpɪs ˈlæz ( j) ʊli, ˈlæʒʊ -, - ˌli /; US: / ˈlæz ( j) əli, ˈlæʒə -, - ˌli / ), or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color.
Lapidary (text) A lapidary is a text in verse or prose, often a whole book, that describes the physical properties and virtues of precious and semi-precious stones, that is to say, a work on gemology. [1] It was frequently used as a medical textbook since it also comprises practical information about each stone's medical application.
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