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Structure of a plant cell. Plant cells are the cells present in green plants, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.Their distinctive features include primary cell walls containing cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin, the presence of plastids with the capability to perform photosynthesis and store starch, a large vacuole that regulates turgor pressure, the absence of flagella or ...
The fungal cell wall is made of a chitin-glucan complex; while glucans are also found in plants and chitin in the exoskeleton of arthropods, [36] fungi are the only organisms that combine these two structural molecules in their cell wall. Unlike those of plants and oomycetes, fungal cell walls do not contain cellulose. [37] [38]
A plant cell wall was first observed and named (simply as a "wall") by Robert Hooke in 1665. [3] However, "the dead excrusion product of the living protoplast" was forgotten, for almost three centuries, being the subject of scientific interest mainly as a resource for industrial processing or in relation to animal or human health.
Betalain. The red color of beets comes from betalain pigments. Betalains are a class of red and yellow tyrosine -derived pigments found in plants of the order Caryophyllales, where they replace anthocyanin pigments. Betalains also occur in some higher order fungi. [1] They are most often noticeable in the petals of flowers, but may color the ...
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. [2] The defining feature of this fungal group is the "ascus" (from Ancient Greek ἀσκός (askós) 'sac ...
They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not plants. They may have tiny, leafless branches ( fruticose ); flat leaf-like structures ( foliose ); grow crust-like, adhering tightly to a surface ( substrate ) like a thick coat of paint ( crustose ); [ 10 ] have a powder-like appearance ( leprose ); or other ...
Zygomycota. Zygomycota, or zygote fungi, is a former division or phylum of the kingdom Fungi. The members are now part of two phyla: the Mucoromycota and Zoopagomycota. [ 1] Approximately 1060 species are known. [ 2] They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in soil or on decaying plant or animal material.
Sporangium. A sporangium (from Late Latin, from Ancient Greek σπορά (sporá) 'seed' and ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) 'vessel'); pl.: sporangia) [ 2] is an enclosure in which spores are formed. [ 3] It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other groups form sporangia at some point in ...