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A notice of electronic filing (NEF) is part of the system established by the Administrative Office of the United States Courts through the docketing and access systems of PACER & CM/ECF. PACER is a public-access system accessible by any person after registration and for a fee. [ 1 ]
The term native files refers to user-created documents, which could be in Microsoft Office or OpenDocument file formats as well as other files stored on computer, but could include video surveillance footage saved on a computer hard drive, computer-aided design files such as blueprints or maps, digital photographs, scanned images, archive files, e-mail, and digital audio files, among other data.
Electronic court filing (ECF), or e-filing, is the automated transmission of legal documents from an attorney, party, or self-represented litigant to a court, from a court to an attorney, and from an attorney or other user to another attorney or other user of legal documents.
CM/ECF (Case Management/Electronic Case Files) is the case management and electronic court filing system for most of the United States federal courts. PACER , an acronym for Public Access to Court Electronic Records , is an interface to the same system for public use.
In some jurisdictions, a petition for review is a formal request for an appellate tribunal to review the decision of a lower court or administrative body. [1] If a jurisdiction utilizes petitions for review, then parties seeking appellate review of their case may submit a formal petition for review to an appropriate court. [2]
Notice pleading is the dominant form of pleading used in the United States today. [2] In 1938, the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure were adopted. One goal of these rules was to relax the strict rules of code pleading. [2] The focus of the cause of action was shifted to discovery (another goal of the FRCP). [2]
Section 15 of the Judiciary Act of 1789 provided: [A]ll the said courts of the United States, shall have power in the trial of actions at law, on motion and due notice thereof being given, to require the parties to produce books or writings in their possession or power, which contain evidence pertinent to the issue, in cases and under circumstances where they might be compelled to produce the ...
An electronic court or ECourt, (sometimes written as eCourt, or e-Court) is a location in which matters of law are adjudicated upon, in the presence of qualified Judge or Judges, which has a well-developed technical infrastructure.