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Cellulitis occurred in about 21.2 million people in 2015. [7] In the United States about 2 of every 1,000 people per year have a case affecting the lower leg. [1] Cellulitis in 2015 resulted in about 16,900 deaths worldwide. [8] In the United Kingdom, cellulitis was the reason for 1.6% of admissions to a hospital. [6]
In contrast to cellulitis, erysipelas is a bacterial infection involving the more superficial layers of the skin, present with an area of redness with well-defined edges, and more often is associated with a fever.
Some examples of viral skin infections include: Warts, benign proliferative skin lesions that are caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). [30] [31] Warts vary in shape, size, appearance, and location on the body where they occur. For example, plantar warts (verrucae plantaris), occur on the soles of the feet and appear as thick calluses.
For example, contact dermatitis correlates with locations where allergen has elicited an allergic immune response. Varicella zoster virus is known to recur (after its initial presentation as chicken pox ) as herpes zoster ("shingles").
Vasculitis is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation. [2] Both arteries and veins are affected. Lymphangitis (inflammation of lymphatic vessels) is sometimes considered a type of vasculitis. [3]
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In normal patients, the feet quickly turn pink. If, more slowly, they turn red like a cooked lobster, suspect ischemia. Brodie-Trendelenburg test (assessment of valvular competence if varicose veins are present): One leg at a time. With the patient supine, empty the superficial veins by 'milking' the leg in the distal to proximal direction.
Helicobacter cellulitis is a cutaneous condition caused by Helicobacter cinaedi. [ 1 ] : 280 H. cinaedi can cause cellulitis and bacteremia in immunocompromised people. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]