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After the Kellogg study, there were four similar research projects into cross-fostering. The most notable of these was conducted by Keith and Catherine Hayes with their chimpanzee Viki. Viki would lead people to places she wanted to go as well as move the hands of people onto objects she wanted them to manipulate.
Matsuzawa, whose research focuses on chimpanzee intelligence, suggests the tradeoff hypothesis as a possible explanation as to why chimpanzees have better memory than humans for immediately capturing and retaining visual stimuli in his paper "Symbolic representation of number in chimpanzees". [1]
In chimpanzees, FOXP2 differs from the human version by two amino acids. [55] A study in Germany sequenced FOXP2's complementary DNA in chimps and other species to compare it with human complementary DNA in order to find the specific changes in the sequence. [ 19 ]
At the third level, the deceptive behaviour is at least partially learnt, as when a bird puts on a distraction display, feigning injury to lure a predator away from a nest. Fourth level deception involves recognition of the other animal's beliefs, as when a chimpanzee tactically misleads other chimpanzees to prevent their discovering a food source.
Their "reinterpretation hypothesis" explains away evidence supporting attribution of mental states to others in chimpanzees as merely evidence of risk-based learning; that is, the chimpanzees learn through experience that certain behaviors in other chimpanzees have a probability of leading to certain responses, without necessarily attributing ...
Olive baboon. Primatology is the scientific study of non-human primates. [1] It is a diverse discipline at the boundary between mammalogy and anthropology, and researchers can be found in academic departments of anatomy, anthropology, biology, medicine, psychology, veterinary sciences and zoology, as well as in animal sanctuaries, biomedical research facilities, museums and zoos. [2]
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Much of the early work on ToM in animals focused on the understanding chimpanzees have of human knowledge. The term "theory of mind" was originally proposed by Premack and Woodruff in 1978. [2] [5] Early studies focused almost entirely on studying if chimpanzees could understand the knowledge of humans. This approach turned out not to be ...