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Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by significant alterations in perception, thoughts, mood, and behavior. [34] Symptoms are described in terms of positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. [3] [35] The positive symptoms of schizophrenia are the same for any psychosis and are sometimes referred to as psychotic symptoms. These may ...
The same association occurs in childhood onset schizophrenia, which is considered a more homogenous form of the disorder that hews closest to the hypothetical neurodevelopmental disorder underlying schizophrenia-spectrum conditions; approximately one-quarter of children with schizophrenia fit the criteria for an autism spectrum disorder prior ...
Most psychiatric disorders are highly heritable; the estimated heritability for bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism (80% or higher) is much higher than that of diseases like breast cancer and Parkinson disease. [1] Having a close family member affected by a mental illness is the largest known risk factor, to date. [6]
Autism has a strong genetic basis. Although the genetics of autism are complex, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is explained more by multigene effects than by rare mutations with large effects. [1] [2] Autism may be influenced by genetics, with studies consistently demonstrating a higher prevalence among siblings and in families with a history ...
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11] Sensory abnormalities are also included in the diagnostic manuals ...
There are many known environmental, genetic, and biological causes of autism. Research indicates that genetic factors predominantly contribute to its appearance. The heritability of autism is complex and many of the genetic interactions involved are unknown. [1] In rare cases, autism has been associated with agents that cause birth defects. [4]
Other common learning disorders include dyscalculia - a disability associated with understanding math and numbers-based information; auditory processing disorder - a disorder that causes ...
Specifically, proponents of the imprinted brain hypothesis propose that autism spectrum disorders are caused by paternal overimprinting, while schizophrenia spectrum disorders are caused by maternal overimprinting; they point to a number of supposed correlations and anticorrelations seen between the disorders and other traits to support the ...