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In the early 7th century, prior to their conversion to Islam, the main branches of the Umayyads were the A'yas and the Anabisa. [8] The former grouped the descendants of Umayya's sons Abu al-As , al-As, Abu al-Is and al-Uways, all of whose names shared the same or similar root, hence the eponymous label, 'A'yas'. [ 8 ]
Previté-Orton argues that the reason for the decline of the Umayyads was the rapid expansion of Islam. During the Umayyad period, mass conversions brought Persians, Berbers, Copts, and Aramaic to Islam. These mawalis (clients) were often better educated and more civilised than their Arab overlords. The new converts, on the basis of equality of ...
The decisive battle, the first in the history of Islam, took place near the weils of Badr, outside Medina, on 13 March 624. In the pre-battle duels, three Hashimites from the Muslim side (Ali, Hamza and Ubaydah) engaged three Umayyads from the Meccan side (Walid, Utbah and Shayba). Ali killed Walid, and Hamza killed Utbah.
Umayyah was also a good friend of Sa'd ibn Mua'dh. [5] When Umayyah was in Medina on his way to Syria, [6] he used to stay with Sa'd and when Sa'd was in Mecca, he used to stay with Umayah. [5] Prior to the Battle of Badr, Sa'd visited Mecca once to perform his Umrah with Umayyah, when they came across Abu Jahl. They had an argument, and as it ...
Umayya ibn Abd-Shams (Arabic: أمية بن عبد شمس) is the progenitor of the line of the Umayyad caliphs.Anti-Umayyad polemic says that his name is derived from 'ama', a diminutive of the word for slave-girl, [2] and instead of being the legitimate son of Abd Shams, Ibn al-Kalbi claims that he was adopted by him. [3]
Marwan ibn al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As ibn Umayya (Arabic: مروان بن الحكم بن أبي العاص بن أمية, romanized: Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam ibn Abī al-ʿĀṣ ibn Umayya; 623 or 626 – April/May 685), commonly known as Marwan I, was the fourth Umayyad caliph, ruling for less than a year in 684–685.
Futūḥ al-Buldān was edited by M. J. de Goeje as Liber expugnationis regionum (Leiden, 1870; Cairo, 1901).. An English edition with the title "The Origins of the Islamic State" was published in two parts by Columbia University Press; vol. 1, translated by Philip Khuri Hitti (1916) [2] and vol. 2, translated by Francis Clark Murgotten (1924). [3]
Umayyah ibn Abī as-Ṣalt (Arabic: أمية بن أبي الصلت) was a pre-Islamic Arabian poet who advocated for monotheism instead of the worship of idols. He was thought to be a member of the Banu Thaqif tribe, with Qurayshi descent on his maternal side.