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Conversely, ozone depletion represents a radiative forcing of the climate system. There are two opposing effects: Reduced ozone causes the stratosphere to absorb less solar radiation, thus cooling the stratosphere while warming the troposphere; the resulting colder stratosphere emits less long-wave radiation downward, thus cooling the troposphere.
Ozone in the troposhere is determined by photochemical production and destruction, dry deposition and cross-tropopause transport of ozone from the stratosphere. [2] In the Arctic troposphere, transport and photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as a result of human emissions also produce ozone resulting in a background mixing ratio of 30 to 50 ...
The ozone hole was much more seen as a "hot issue" and imminent risk compared to global climate change, [13] as lay people feared a depletion of the ozone layer (ozone shield) risked increasing severe consequences such as skin cancer, cataracts, [23] damage to plants, and reduction of plankton populations in the ocean's photic zone. This was ...
This cooling is projected to result in a relative rise in ozone (O 3) depletion in the polar region, as well as an increase in the frequency of ozone holes. [38] Ozone depletion, on the other hand, is a radiative forcing of the climate system. Two opposite effects exist: Reduced ozone causes the stratosphere to absorb less solar radiation ...
Springtime Antarctic ozone depletion due to halogens has been large (40-50%; exceptionally 70%) throughout the last decade. In some recent cold Arctic winters during the last decade, maximum total column ozone losses due to halogens have reached 30%, but in warmer winters Arctic ozone loss is small.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 28 February 2025. Gas in an atmosphere with certain absorption characteristics This article is about the physical properties of greenhouse gases. For how human activities are adding to greenhouse gases, see Greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gases trap some of the heat that results when sunlight heats ...
The United Nations designates a specific theme each year for the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer to highlight different facets of ozone protection. 2015: 30 Years of Healing the Ozone Together. [6] 2016: Ozone and climate: Restored by a world united. [7] 2017: Caring for all life under the sun. [8] 2018: Keep Cool and ...
Water management is supported and guided by institutions, infrastructure, incentives, and information systems [40] The issue of the depletion of fresh water has stimulated increased efforts in water management. [25] While water management systems are often flexible, adaptation to new hydrologic conditions may be very costly. [27]