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Network topology is the arrangement of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a communication network. [1] [2] Network topology can be used to define or describe the arrangement of various types of telecommunication networks, including command and control radio networks, [3] industrial fieldbusses and computer networks.
The star topology is the most common in contemporary times. Wireless LAN (WLAN) also has its topologies: independent basic service set (IBSS, an ad-hoc network) where each node connects directly to each other (this is also standardized as Wi-Fi Direct), or basic service set (BSS, an infrastructure network that uses an wireless access point). [8]
Mesh topology may be contrasted with conventional star/tree local network topologies in which the bridges/switches are directly linked to only a small subset of other bridges/switches, and the links between these infrastructure neighbours are hierarchical. While star-and-tree topologies are very well established, highly standardized and vendor ...
Broadband LAN using Coaxial Cable: Disbanded IEEE 802.8: Fiber Optic TAG: Disbanded IEEE 802.9: Integrated Services LAN (ISLAN or isoEthernet) Disbanded IEEE 802.10: Interoperable LAN Security: Disbanded IEEE 802.11: Wireless LAN (WLAN) & Mesh (Wi-Fi certification) Active IEEE 802.12: 100BaseVG: Disbanded IEEE 802.13: Unused [5] Reserved for ...
A standard 8P8C (often called RJ45) connector used most commonly on category 5 cable, one of the types of cabling used in Ethernet networks Standard IEEE 802.3 (1983 onwards) Physical media Twisted pair, optical fiber, coaxial cable Network topology Point-to-point, star, bus Major variants
IEEE 802.5 networks – also known as IBM Token Ring networks – avoid the weakness of a ring topology altogether: they actually use a star topology at the physical layer and a media access unit (MAU) to imitate a ring at the datalink layer. Ring networks are used by ISPs to provide data backhaul services, connecting the ISP's facilities such ...
Early repeaters had only two ports, allowing, at most, a doubling of network size. Once repeaters with more than two ports became available, it was possible to wire the network in a star topology. Early experiments with star topologies (called Fibernet) using optical fiber were published by 1978. [41]
3 Network Topology. 4 Layer 2.5. 5 Layer 3 (Network Layer) 6 Layer 3+4 ... the name can also be used to describe the token passing ring logical topology that it ...