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The skin weighs an average of 4 kg (8.8 lb), covers an area of about 2 m 2 (22 sq ft), and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are glabrous skin, the nonhairy skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [16]
Cutis, often termed the "true skin", is composed of the epidermis and the dermis. [1] The dermis contains blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles. [2] The epidermis and the dermis contain sensory nerve endings to detect changes in the environment. [2] The cutis is the layer located above the subcutis. [2
The dermis is composed of three major types of cells: [3] fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells.. Apart from these cells, the dermis is also composed of matrix components such as collagen (which provides strength), elastin (which provides elasticity), and extrafibrillar matrix, an extracellular gel-like substance primarily composed of glycosaminoglycans (most notably hyaluronan ...
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
In terms of surface area, the skin is the second largest organ in the human body (the inside of the small intestine is 15 to 20 times larger). For the average adult human, the skin has a surface area of 1.5–2.0 square metres (15–20 sq ft).
The epidermis is the outermost of the three layers that comprise the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis. [1] The epidermal layer provides a barrier to infection from environmental pathogens [ 2 ] and regulates the amount of water released from the body into the atmosphere through transepidermal water loss .
The dermis is the layer of skin beneath the epidermis that consists of connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain. The dermis provides tensile strength and elasticity to the skin through an extracellular matrix composed of collagen fibrils , microfibrils , and elastic fibers , embedded in hyaluronan and proteoglycans . [ 15 ]
The skin (integument) is a composite organ, made up of at least two major layers of tissue: the epidermis and the dermis. [2] The epidermis is the outermost layer, providing the initial barrier to the external environment. It is separated from the dermis by the basement membrane (basal lamina and reticular lamina).